Δευτέρα 1 Νοεμβρίου 2010

"Wild Chase" by Franz von Stuck (1889) and "Wild Hunt" legend

Ενας πίνακας που έγινε γνωστός για την πολύ περίεργη σύμπτωση να μοιάζει ο καβαλάρης (ο αιμοβόρος θεός Wotan των βορείων λαών που ως καβαλάρης τη νύχτα σπέρνει τον πανικό και το θάνατο) εκπληκτικά με τον Χίτλερ, συν το ότι φιλοτεχνήθηκε την χρονιά που γεννήθηκε!!! Επιπλέον, αυτός ο πίνακας έγινε ο αγαπημένος του Χίτλερ (πιθανότατα από αυτόν εμπνεύστηκε την κόμμωση και το μουστάκι του) και ο Franz von Stuck ο αγαπημένος του καλλιτέχνης.

Γενικά υπάρχει ένας αρχετυπικός θρύλος με πολλές παραλλαγές στους βόρειους λαούς για ένα επαναλαμβανόμενο άγριο κυνήγι αθώων πολιτών από στοιχειoμένους καβαλάρηδες που στο διάβα τους στοιχειώνουν κόσμο, σπέρνουν το θάνατο, κακοποιούν ή αρπάζουν γυναίκες και καταστρέφουν τα πάντα και αλίμονο σε όποιους βρεθούν μπροστά τους. Αιμοβόρες και σκοτεινές θεότητες είναι ταυτισμένες με αυτή την αρχετυπική επιδρομή, που στην πραγματικότητα μάλλον συγκροτήθηκε στο συλλογικό ασυνείδητο από τις πολύ συχνές επιδρομές, λεηλασίες και σφαγές από γειτονικούς λαούς ή συμμορίες ληστών που υφίσταντο οι πληθυσμοί της υπαίθρου στην αρχαιότητα και την μεσαιωνική εποχή.

The wild hunt(1872) by Peter Nicolai Arbo

A painting that has been known for the strange coincidence the rider (the bloodthirsty god Wotan in the northern peoples as a rider at night is causing panic and death) looks like Hitler, plus it was painted the year Hitler was born! In addition, this painting was of Hitler’s favorites (probably he inspired by it his hairdressing and mustache) and Franz von Stuck's was his favorite artist.

Generally there is an archetypal legend on the northern peoples with many variations for a recurring wild hunt of innocent people by haunted riders who haunt people, sowing death, abuse or grab women and destroy everything and woe to those they meet on their way. Bloody, dark gods are usually related with that archetypal raid, which was probably established in the collective unconscious by the very frequent raids, looting and massacres by barbaric tribes, gangs of bandits the rural populations have suffered in ancient and medieval times.

"Wodan's Wild Hunt"(1882)
by Friedrich Wilhelm Heine

The Wild Hunt is an ancient folk myth prevalent across Northern, Western and Central Europe. The fundamental premise in all instances is the same: a phantasmal group of huntsmen with the accoutrements of hunting, horses, hounds, etc., in mad pursuit across the skies or along the ground, or just above it.

The hunters may be the dead or the fairies (often in folklore connected with the dead). The hunter may be an unidentified lost soul, a deity or spirit of either gender, or may be a historical or legendary figures, deities, etc.

Franz von Stuck "Wild Hunt" (1899)

Seeing the Wild Hunt was thought to presage some catastrophe such as war or plague, or at best the death of the one who witnessed it. Mortals getting in the path of or following the Hunt could be kidnapped and brought to the land of the dead. Others believed that people's spirits could be pulled away during their sleep to join the cavalcade. (Wikipedia)

Gustave Dore "The Vision of Death"
from his "Bible Illustrations"

Some references about the "Wild Hunt" you can read below:

Then the hunters were black and large and terrifying, and their hounds were all black and broad-eyed and terrifying, and they rode on black horses and black goats... (Anonymous monk, 1132)

The Wild Hunt...is ancient in origin, an embodiment of the memories of war, agricultural myth, ancestral worship, and royal pastime. Its most complete and well-documented traditions lie with the peoples of Northern Europe; however, there are reflections of the Hunt anywhere in literature or folk tradition where the dead travel together over the land, or heroes rise up to rout a foreign foe, or where representatives of the sovereignty of the land are pursued and hunted.

...chasing a beautiful Otherworldly maiden—perhaps a memory of grim night chases conducted by invading armies for purposes of stealing wives from their enemies. Such imagery also seems to refer to struggles for supremacy between rising patriarchal gods (embodied in the Hunt and its antlered warrior leader) and ancient European goddess cults. (Ari Berk & William Spytma, 2002
)

Much more details about this legend in wikipedia and HERE and HERE



Σάββατο 30 Οκτωβρίου 2010

Decapitations

Giovanni Battista TIEPOLO
Decapitation of Saint John the Baptist(1732–1733)

No matter that this form of execution revolts todays civilized people, or horrified people of the past when decapicated heads of riots or criminals exposed in public, it seems to be the less painful and of instant death for the victim and in some cases a kind of honourable execution, in relation with any other kind of martyrdom of sadistic nature with prolonged suffering and terrible pain delaying as possible the salvation by death.

Decapitation of Violent Chinese Soldiers
artist:Utagawa Kokunimasa, October 1894

Also it was a common method of celebrating a victory in a battle by collecting heads of the dead enemies and make a pile of them and also a proof for the execution of a wanted criminal to claim the reward.

Chinese drawings of decapitation punishment


Decapitation of Christian martyrs
(unknown artist's medieval painting)

Crusader beheads arab prisoners


public decapitation (unknown artist and date)


Ritual decapitation in precolombian Peru
1000 years before Incas


Babylonian relief of decapitated enemies


Benvenuto Cellini, 1545 - 1554
Perseus holds the severed Medusa's head


Caravaggio (1609)
David holds Goliath's severed head